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The Life Cycle of Head LiceThere are three stages that complete the life cycle of Head lice: nit, nymph, and adult.
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Nit: Nits are the eggs of the head louse. They are attached with a glue-like substance to the hair shaft close to your scalp, using your body warmth to incubate. These nits vary in color, ranging from light whitish to dark brown. Upon hatching, they become transparent. It usually takes 7-10 days for the larva to mature and hatch. When ready, the immature louse starts swallowing air and expelling it rectally; this causes an air bubble within the nit that pushes them out of the casing. Nits can survive 4-10 days off of a human host.
Nymph: The hatched baby louse is considered a nymph. The nymph looks similar to an adult head louse but smaller. After its birth, the louse needs a blood meal within 45 minutes in order to survive. A young louse will molt 3 times before it reaches sexual maturity. This process takes 7-12 days. 
Adult: The adult louse is approximately 2 millimeters long, with six legs designed to cling to your hair shafts. Head Lice are dependant upon a daily blood meal for survival. The adult head louse is bluish gray to whitish or brown in color. They are round to oval in shape and are longer than they are wide. The female is the larger of the two sexes and she will look for a male louse to inseminate her eggs. During her lifetime, a female may lay up to 100 eggs, at a rate of 6-7 nits per day.